Compressor



F. J. ZOPPEL.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 31. 1920.

1,370,577, Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

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INVENTORI M VW F. J. ZOPPEL.

COMPRESSOR.

I APPLICATION man MAR 31.1920. 1,370,577, Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

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INVENTOR:

F. J. ZOPPEL.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 3M 1920.

1,370,577, Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

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WWXWW \mmmmmmmg UNITED STATES FERDINAND J. ZOPPEL, OI CINCINNATI, OHIO.

COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application flIed March 81, 1920. Serial li o. 870,179.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND JosErH ZOPPEL, a citizen of the Republic of Austria, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to refrigerating a paratus, its object being to improve t e compressor element with a view to produce a simplified and compact unit of novel structure of the highest efliciency and at reduced cost, both of initial construction and malntenance moreperfectly adapted to the needs of hotels, restaurants and other uses of a similar character.

Incidentally any improvements reduce the number of packings to the minimum and eliminate those usually employed with sliding surfaces and subject to the wear incident thereto; carry all movable parts 1n easily replaceable bushings; and employ a general arrangement and relation of parts giving the fullest and most convenient access, and are contained within a rotective casing as a frame and support fu ly braced against all lateral vibration, insuring minimum of wear and longer life. These improvements taken together tend to increase the capacity in relation to size, thus enlarging the range of usefulness of machines of given size and cost.

My invention in preferred form is as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1 and 2 are elevations, taken at right angles one with. the other, of the compressor unit;

Fig. 3, an enlarged vertical cross sectional elevation-of the apparatus positioned as in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4, a -vertical cross section of the cy lli ndrical casing shown on the line EF of Fig. 5, a horizontal cross section of the cylindrical casing in the planes A B of Fig. 3 showing the relation of the separate cored passages;

Fig. 6, a horizontal cross section in the plane C D of Fig. 4.

Referring now to the drawings, my invention is illustrated and embodies in the twopart structure shown in elevation in Figs. 1 and 2 and consists of two integral and independent castings, to-wit: a crank-case 1 with journal-bearing for a crank-shaft 2 and chamber. The crank-case 1 at the opposite side is likewise provided with an enlarged hand-hole closed by a removable cover 6.

The cylindrical casing 3 is open at the top but provided with a removable cap or hood dished to inclose a cylinder head 9 and is ntegrally formed with a tubular inner casmg 8 axially disposed, utilized as the operative compression cylinder. Thecylinder 8 is open at the top within the hood 7 and provided with a removable cylinder-head 9 and opens below through the bottom of the easing 3 and is provided there with a removable cylinder-head 10. At the front or righthand side, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 3 the wall of the casing 3 merges in the walls of the extension 4 (Fig. 5) and the walls of the latter are extended inwardly and merge in the wall of cylinder 8, leaving a vertically elongated opening 11 connecting the inclosure formed by said cylinder 8 and the suction chamber 12 formed by the extension 4. A radially disposed side-wall 13 connects the cylinder 8 at one side with the outer wall of casing 3, forming an inclosed passage 14 which opens above into an interior enlargement 15 of the cylinder 8 and below into a similar enlargement 16, as indicated in Fig. 4. There are thus formed within the inclosing wall of the casing 3, three independent chambers, to-wit: an annular water chamber 17 nearly surrounding the inner cylinder 8; an enlarged gas chamber including the interior space inclosed by the cylinder 8, and the suction chamber 12 connected by passage '11; and a compressed gas channel 14 opening into the upper and lower enlargements 15 and 16 respectively. These co-exist without extra parts except the valve-closures of the working cylinder.

A piped supply opening 18 is provided into-the extension chamber 4 and a piped exit-19 is provided for the passage 14 as indicated in Figs. 4 and 6. In each of the enlargements 15 and 16 of cylinder 8, is arranged a suction valve cage, valve and Patented ag. 8, 1921.

sprin the lower valve seating upwardly and t e other downwardly. These elng of the common and operating in the usual manner, ulre no further description.

Within t e cylinder 8 is an elongated tubular frame 20 furnished at each end with piston rings to constitute a tight working double piston carrying at the upper end an ordinary plate valve seatin downwardly and at the lower end a simi ar valve seating upwardly. These being also of the common check-valve type, require no further description.

Midway of the length of said tubular piston 20 is a cross opening 21 with suitable bushing into which enters the end portion of a gallows-arm 22 extending outward through the opening '11 into the suction chamber 12 of the extension 4. The arm'22 is aflixed to a cross-head 23 reciprocating in a tubular guide-bushing 24 as shown in ig. 3, and a similar lower extension into the crank case is connected by a pitman 25 with the crank of the crank-shaft 2 with suitable bushings for the wearinlg1 parts.

The reciprocation of double piston by the crank-shaft and connections described, draws into the cylinder 8, above and below the upper and lower piston elements respectively the gaseous refrigerating element through the respective valves, from the suction chamber 12 through the connecting spaces 11; and, by 0 posite movement seats the piston valves an forces the gas in compression into and through the chamber 14 and outlet 19 into the condenser (not shown). Cooling water enters through pipe orifice 30 into the annular chamber 17 surrounding thecylinder 8, and overflows through the cap space 17 through pipes 27 and 29 (Fi 4.)

The era -case is also the oil chamber and is provided with a leveling valve 31 at the desired overflow elevation. It will be observed that compression occurs at each stroke in opposite directions and that the gas to be compressed is in relatively large vo ume immediately contiguous to the suction valves so that a full supply ready for each compression stroke is insured without attenuation by being drawn through exterior passages or arts.

here is thus constituted a compact and self contained compression unit, requiring no packings in connection with moving parts, except for the operating heads of the double piston, and at the outer end of the shaft ournal,--these being individually accessible each without disturbing others.

In brief also, the pistons and all operating connections, although entirely within and protected by the eneral inclosure, can be removed without disturbance of the general structure by the removal merely of'the appropriate man-hole cover or covers, and replaced with like convenience.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. A compressor unit for refrigerating apparatus, consisting of a crank-case utilized as a base support and oil chamber, and a casing adapted to be super-imposed thereon, having cored passa and chambers for the compression cylin er; an annular water chamber surrounding same, a gas chamber, and compressed gas-outlet; said crank case and casing being each formed integrally and adapted ,to be united as a complete unit of structure? 2. In compression 9. paratus, a crankcase; an operative crank carried therein; a compressor casing adapted to be superimposed upon said crank-case as its base support; a compression cylinder contained within said compressor casing and having access openings outwardly independent of the crank-case; a reciprocating piston in said cylinder and a crank connection between said piston and crank extendin through the p ane of junction between t e casings within their inclosures.

3. In compression apparatus a cylindrical casing having concentrically arranged within the same a smaller cylinder opening outwardly at both ends but otherwise inclosed by said casing, said cylinder havin an opening midway into a lateral extension of the casing formed by flaring extensions of the said cylinder wall passing through and merging with the walls of the casing; and a radial wall connecting the walls of the casing and the central cylinder forming a passage connecting at each end with the interior of the cylinder.

4. A double-acting-compressor having a reciprocating piston, a crank located within the general inclosure of the apparatus at one side, independent of the cylinder; a pitman operated by said crank through the medium of a sliding cross-head; and a gallows-arm carried by said cross-head and extended laterally into connection with said piston.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CLARENCE H. Harman. 

